Shivaram Hari Rajguru’s death anniversary in 2026 falls on March 23, a date that commemorates the martyrdom of one of India’s most courageous young revolutionaries. Rajguru, alongside Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev Thapar, sacrificed his life in the struggle against British colonial rule, and their execution remains a powerful symbol of youthful resolve and resistance.
Early life and inspiration
Rajguru was born on 24 August 1908 in Khed, in present-day Maharashtra. Growing up under the British Raj, he was influenced by nationalist ideas and stories of resistance from an early age. His involvement with youth activist groups and exposure to the growing movement for independence shaped his commitment to radical action against colonial oppression.
Joining the HSRA
Rajguru became a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), a revolutionary organization that advocated armed struggle to overthrow British rule. Within the HSRA, he worked closely with Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and other young activists who were determined to challenge the empire through bold, direct actions.
Saunders assassination
One of the defining events in Rajguru’s life occurred on 17 December 1928, when he and his comrades took part in the killing of British police officer John P. Saunders in Lahore. The act was intended as retribution for the beating of Lala Lajpat Rai during protests against the Simon Commission, which led to Rai’s death. Although the identity of the officer targeted was mistaken, the operation was a deliberate repudiation of colonial violence and galvanized public attention toward the revolutionary cause.
Trial and execution
Following their arrest, Rajguru, Bhagat Singh, and Sukhdev were tried by the colonial authorities. Despite widespread protests and appeals for clemency, the British court upheld the death sentences. On 23 March 1931, at Lahore Central Jail, the three were executed by hanging. Rajguru was only 22 years old. Their execution intensified national outrage and deepened resolve across India’s independence movement.
Legacy and remembrance
Rajguru’s legacy endures as a testament to sacrifice and conviction. His birthplace Khed was renamed Rajgurunagar in his honor, and memorials across the country commemorate his contribution. March 23 is observed as Shaheed Diwas (Martyrs’ Day), when leaders, citizens, and student groups gather at memorials—such as the Hussainiwala National Martyrs Memorial—to lay wreaths and remember the ideals for which Rajguru and his comrades gave their lives.
The spirit of sacrifice
Shivaram Rajguru’s story is taught to new generations as an example of courage, commitment, and willingness to confront oppression. His life, though brief, helped shape India’s journey to independence and continues to inspire those who value justice, equality, and the courage to stand against injustice.
